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User Tasks
Once you articulate your site’s goals and the steps users must take to complete these goals, you must articulate specific questions or tasks. Frame your questions to ensure users can accomplish realistic tasks that reflect concrete goals.
Some questions that you could ask include:
Can a first time user find my agency’s mission?
Can a return user remember how to find my agency’s contact information?
Testing Metrics
Once you have identified what you are testing, you must determine what metrics to collect. Your metrics will impact the type of test you conduct. Below are metrics you can collect, broken down by quality components which were introduced earlier.
Learnability: How easily a user can accomplish a basic task the first time on the site.
Self Test/Self Audit
Scenario: You want to test your site's usability, but you have limited time and resources.
What/Why: A self-audit can help you find usability problems. By looking at your site objectively, using the Heuristic Evaluation form to find potential problems, writing questions and testing yourself you can easily surface issues that impact your site. See tech tips in rectangular boxes throughout this guide for additional resources.
Heuristic Evaluation
Scenario: You want to compare your website's interface against a set of widely accepted principles with a few people to assist.What/Why: Heuristic evaluation involves a small set of evaluators examining an interface and judging its compliance with usability principles or "heuristics". Use a heuristic evaluation form to help you identify key problems (form attached). According to Nielsen, just 5 evaluators can detect 85% of errors with this method!
A/B Testing or Comparison Testing
Scenario: You have a few options in design layout or navigation.
Validation Test or Verification
Scenario: You are about to launch your new website!What/Why: Validation tests ensure your website meets certain standards. Set benchmarks for how long tasks should take and evaluate your users against these benchmarks. This quantitative data is measured and can help identify any problem areas.
In this section, we will discuss the what, when and who of usability testing. what to test, when to conduct user testing, a variety of different types, and who to draw on as testers.
Exercise: Become the Tester
Usability testing is readily understood by navigating a website as if you were the tester. Perform the exercise below, and answer the questions to get a sense of a simple usability test.
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